Best Doctor List Near You for Pectus Excavatum Surgery in Caxias do sul

Pectus excavatum is a congenital deformity characterized by a sunken or concave appearance of the chest wall, where the sternum is depressed, resulting in a hollowed breastbone and a variation in rib presentation. This condition can lead to physical discomfort, impaired respiratory function, and psychological issues related to body image, making surgical intervention a consideration for many patients. The surgical correction of pectus excavatum is primarily accomplished through a procedure known as the Nuss procedure, which involves the insertion of one or two curved metal bars beneath the sternum to elevate it to a more normal position. During this minimally invasive surgery, the surgeon makes small incisions on either side of the chest and meticulously dissects the tissues to create a space for the introduction of the bar. Once positioned correctly, the bar is secured in place with stabilizers in order to maintain the desired anatomical correction. The surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia and may last about 1 to 2 hours, depending on the complexity of the case. Another technique is the Ravitch procedure, which is more invasive and involves resection of the abnormal cartilage and repositioning of the sternum. This procedure may be preferred in more severe cases or when associated rib deformities are present. Postoperative recovery usually includes a hospital stay of approximately three to five days, during which pain management, monitoring for complications such as infection or bar displacement, and respiratory therapy are provided. Patients are generally advised to limit physical activity for several weeks to allow proper healing. The bars inserted during the Nuss procedure typically remain in place for about three years, after which they can be removed in a separate outpatient procedure under anesthesia. Outcomes of the surgery are generally positive, with most patients experiencing significant improvement in chest appearance, enhanced lung function, and an overall boost in self-esteem. It is important for patients and families to engage in thorough discussions regarding potential risks, benefits, and realistic outcomes of surgery with their healthcare team. Complications, although uncommon, can include bar displacement, pneumothorax, and chronic pain. Preoperative evaluations often include imaging studies, pulmonary function tests, and consultations with pediatric surgeons specializing in thoracic deformities to formulate an individualized plan of care. The importance of pre-surgical counseling cannot be understated, as psychological preparation can help patients manage expectations and address concerns about both the surgical experience and recovery. The success of pectus excavatum surgery not only hinges on the technical skill of the surgeon but also on the comprehensive support and care provided to the patient throughout their journey, underscoring the value of a multidisciplinary approach in optimizing the functional and aesthetic outcomes associated with this condition.